I purchased a Schumacher solar panel from Amazon along with a controller and extension cable. I was mistaken before, I purchased a 15 watt panel, not 10 watt. I experienced the same voltage drop as you. When I first purchased my coach, in two weeks, the house batteries would go down to 11.7 volts with everything shut off. Now, they go down to 12.2 or 12.3 with the solar panel because I cannot mount the panel on top of my coach, I just lean it against the side.
To test for polarity, you need a Volt/Ohm meter. Generally, these meters read AC and DC voltages, plus resistance (ohms). My house batteries are under my entrance step and the ZAmp port is just outside the door. Setup the meter to read DC voltage. Then, by placing the negative lead from the meter to the negative side of a battery, you can easily determine which ZAmp lead is the positive one because it will read +12.x volts when touched by the positive lead from the meter, and the negative side will read zero. Similarly, by placing the negative lead from the meter again on the negative side of the battery, you can place your meter's positive lead on one of the leads from the solar controller, your results would be just like the testing the ZAmp port.
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