If I had a slow drain in my home I would try to plunge it. I just wonder if you have something in the drain system that is backing things up. But then you say you open the drain valve and everything drains normally so it sounds like air can't get out of your holding tank. You say you removed the vent valve under your sink and it did not help so it is not a lack of air behind the water. It sounds like air can't get out of your holding tank.
The real mystery is the fact a sink drained, then refilled and then drained again or oscillated back and forth. Was it windy outside? Crazy question but if your gray tank vent is below the water in the tank then air pressure can cause the water to rise and fall...
When you go on the roof and remove the gray tank vent cover is the pvc pipe right up at the top of the roof on your RV? Do all the sinks back up at the same time? If not try this Silly test, get a ballon, this is out there,
fill your sink until one backs up, then stretch the ballon over the gray tank vent pvc pipe. Add water to another sink and see if the ballon fills with air. If no, then the vent pipe is below the water level in the tank and no air can escape.
You said the kitchen backed up first. From the looks of your plumbing and what you have said that sink seems closest to your gray tank. There is probably more pipe to fill with water before you get to your bathroom so that is why it takes longer before it fills up.
Once the sinks back up, do they ever drain? If yes, plunge the kitchen sink, carefully. I know you snaked it but you also said you hit a stop. If that does not help then it looks more and more like a vent problem for the tank.
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2016 Siverback 33IK, Towed 50K+ mile
2018 Ford F-350 Lariat 6.7L V8 Diesel 4WD Crew Cab
"If you don't know where you are going, any road will get you there."